TURKEY
AUTOMOTIVE AND AUTOPARTS
INDUSTRY
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AUTOMOTIVE AND AUTOPARTS INDUSTRIES IN TURKEY TURKEY’S VEHICLE INDUSTRY PRODUCTION Vehicle industry production in Turkey dates back to the mid-1950s and the industry gained momentum in the early 1960s. After manufacturing some prototype vehicles during the 1950s, the first vehicle assembly company was established in 1954 (Turk Willys Overland Ltd.) for jeep manufacturing. By 1955 trucks, and by 1963 buses were being assembled in Turkey. Then passenger car assembly companies, namely TOFAS (FIAT), OYAK (RENAULT) and OTOSAN (FORD) started operations in the following three years. In 1966 the industry also began to assemble its own cars (OTOSAN). The Turkish-made passenger car of those times “ANADOL” is nostalgia now. The two major producers of cars, TOFAS and OYAK-RENAULT, under Italian and French licenses respectively, established their production lines in 1971. Recently Japanese and South Korean car manufacturers have established joint-ventures in Turkey. In 1999 a Turkish truck manufacturer began to export its own design trucks to England, Spain and Portugal. As to passenger cars and small commercial vehicles, Turkish manufacturers are becoming world production centers of huge global producers, whom they have licence agreements with. The Turkish vehicle industry has a total capacity of 1,015,152 vehicles, of which 726,000 is for passenger cars. The total vehicle production in 2003 was 533.672 units which is record for Turkish automotive industry. VEHICLE PRODUCTION BY TYPE 1995-2003 (Units)
EXPORTS OF THE AUTOMOTÝVE INDUSTRY The main automotive industry exports were US $ 4,04 billion in 2003. In 2003, 356,941 vehicles were exported. Exports are about 60% of production. Turkey exported 227,503 passenger cars, 5,604 buses and 110,608 trucks in 2003. The export value of passenger cars, trucks and buses was US $ 2,2 billion, US $ 1,2 billion and US $ 494 million respectively. The main export markets for the automotive industry are France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. About 65% of automotive industry exports in value were delivered to EU Countries. Export Promotion Center of Turkey - IGEME, 2004 3 Exports of the Automotive Industry (Value: US$1000) (Quantity: Units)
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY EXPORTS OF TURKEY BY COUNTRIES (US$ 1000)
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AUTOPARTS INDUSTRY PRODUCTION Turkey has had a strong component sector and in recent years has developed a highly competitive components industry providing products compatible with brands such as GM, Mercedes, BMW, Opel, Toyota and Ford. The Turkish autoparts industry with its large capacity, wide variety of production and high standards, supports automotive industry production and the vehicles in Turkey (approximately 7.3 million vehicles) and also has ample potential for exports. The Turkish automotive and autoparts industry is concentrated in the Marmara Region, mainly in Bursa. Two major car factories and two “Organized Industrial Zones” are in Bursa. Other important cities are Istanbul, Izmir, Kocaeli, Ankara, Konya, Adana and Manisa. A new development in the Turkish Autoparts Industry is the establishment of TAYSAD Components Manufacturers Industrial Zone (TOSB). The “Association of Automotive Parts and Components Manufacturers” (TAYSAD, http://www.taysad.org.tr), started the TOSB project for its members in 1999. TOSB, covering a 2500 hectare area in Kocaeli, provides TAYSAD members larger production sites, modern environmental facilities, proximity to vehicle manufacturers, training and conference facilities, interfirm cooperation and a technology and innovation center. Export Promotion Center of Turkey - IGEME, 2004 4 Due to the high export potential of the sector and the regional advantages of Turkey, the autoparts sector has been attracting foreign investors. At present the number of foreign investors in the autoparts sector is 185. Most of the world leaders in the sector have joint-ventures with Turkish companies. Turkish automotive manufacturers are in direct contact with 1120 local autoparts manufacturers for procurement and 70% of these companies are SME’s. It is known that the total number of autoparts manufacturers in Turkey far exceeds 1120. The production value of the autoparts industry was above 2.6 billion U.S Dollars in 2002. The Turkish autoparts industry produces almost all parts and components except spark plugs. At present, the local parts and components production consists of : • Engine and engine parts • Power train parts and components • Brake and clutch parts and components • Hydraulic and pneumatic systems • Suspension systems • Security systems • Rubber and plastic parts • Chassis frame and parts • Castings and forgings • Electrical equipment and parts, lighting systems • Batteries • Auto glass • Seats Autoparts Production (Million Dolar)
Source:Taysad Autoparts industry manufacturers are exerting intense efforts for quality certificates. Most members of TAYSAD have quality certificates such as ISO 9000 Series. In fact, Turkish autoparts manufacturers are the pioneers of Turkish companies for “The European Quality Award”. BRISA, a tyre producing company, was the first winner of “The European Quality Award” in 1996. Then, BEKSA won the “The European Quality Award” in the category of small and medium sized enterprises in 1997. BEKSA, which was established in 1987, produces steel cord and bead wire for tire reinforcement and hose wire for high pressure hoses. In 2002, BOSCH Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. was rewarded by European Foundation for Quality Management with a Prize in the Operational Units Category in 2003. Bosch Bursa plant received the European Quality Award, in the same category the most prestigious award in the field of Organisational Excellence. Bosch Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S produces injectors, nozzle holder assemblies, injectors for Common-RailSystems. EXPORTS OF THE AUTOPARTS INDUSTRY Turkey's autoparts industry exports are increasing rapidly with the focus on replacement components. In 2003 the value of autoparts industry exports was US $ 2,3 billion. The main autoparts products exported are engine parts, tyres and tubes, road wheels and parts, accessories of bodies, transmission shaft and cranks-bearings and auto glass. In fact, Turkey exports many cars, buses and trucks in parts. In terms of breakdown of autoparts exports by province, Bursa, Istanbul, Kocaeli and Izmir have the major share. Number of exporter companies in autoparts is above 2400. Turkish autoparts products are destined for a wide range of countries in the world. The main export markets are Germany, Italy, France, the United Kingdom, Belgium-Luxembourg, Spain, the Russian Federation , the USA, Iran, Poland and China. In 2003, about 64% of autoparts exports were directed to the EU countries. Turkish autoparts exporters follow European and international standards and norms. Turkish companies are supplying major European producers such as OPEL, VW and Ford. Export Promotion Center of Turkey - IGEME, 2004 5 Exports of the Autoparts Industry (Value: US$1000)
Source: State Institute of Statistics (SIS) Autoparts Industry Exports of Turkey by Countries (US$1000)
Export Promotion Center of Turkey - IGEME, 2004 6
Source: State Institute of Statistics (SIS) |
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